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Vol. 25. Issue 3.
Pages 106-110 (April 1989)
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Vol. 25. Issue 3.
Pages 106-110 (April 1989)
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Papel de las plaquetas en el daño pulmonar inducido por la instilacion intratraqueal de acido clorhidrico en la rata
Role of platelets in the pulmonary damage induced by the intratracheal instillation of hydrochioric acid in rats
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G. Arenas1, E. Novoa1, M.E. Lathrop2, L. Ferrer1, M.J. Oyarzún2
1 Departamentos Medicina Experimental Norte. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile. Santiago de Chile
2 Ciencias Preclínicas de Oriente. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile. Santiago de Chile
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Las plaquetas han sido involucradas en la patogenia del daño pulmonar agudo en diferentes modelos experimentales. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar su papel en el daño pulmonar inducido por la instilación intratraqueal de HCl 0,1 N (2ml/kg).

Se instiló HCl o bien NaCl 0,9% en ratas con plaquetas normales o con dos niveles de plaquetopenia: a) menos de 100.000 plaquetas/mm3 y b) entre 100.000 y 200.000 plaquetas/mm3 en sangre periférica.

La trombocitopenia se indujo inyectando a las ratas in-traperitonealmente con suero antiplaquetario previamente preparado en el conejo. A las 4 horas post instilación se efectuó estudio histológico pulmonar y se determinó proteínas y surfactante alveolar (fosfolípidos totales y fosfatidilcolina disaturada) en el lavado broncoalveolar (LBA); pre y post instilación de HCl se practicó gasometría arterial.

La instilación de HCl produjo hipoxemia, hiperventila-ción, edema pulmonar, reacción inflamatoria y aumento de protemas en el LBA en las ratas con y sin trombocitopenia. El surfactante aumentó significativamente en las ratas con mayor trombocitopenia instiladas con HCl.

De acuerdo a este resultado, las plaquetas no jugarían un papel relevante en el daño pulmonar inducido por HCl; sin embargo ellas o alguno de sus componentes podrían tener algún papel en el control del nivel de surfactante alveolar.

Platelets have been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute pulmonary damage in several experimental models. The aim of the present study was to assess their role in the pulmonary damage induced by the intratracheal instillation of HCl 0,1 N (2ml/kg).

HCl or NaCl 0,9% were instillated to rats with normal platelets or with two levels of thrombopenia: a) less than 100.000 platelets/mm3, and b) between 100.000 and 200.000 platelets/mm3 in peripheral blood.

Thrombocytopenia was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of antiplatelet serum previously prepared in rabbits. Four hours after the instillation, histologic lung study was performed, and proteins and alveolar surfactant (total phospholipid and disaturated phosphatidylcholine) were measured in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Arterial blood gases were measured before and after HCl instillation.

HCl instillation resulted in hypoxemia, hyperventílation, pulmonary edema, inflammatory reaction and increased protein level in the BAL fluid in the rats with and without thrombocytopenia. Surfactant was significanfly increased in rats with more severe thrombocytopenia and HCl instillation.

According to these results, platelets would not play a relevant role in the HCl induced pulmonary damage; however, platelets themselves or some of their components might play some part in the control of the level of alveolar surfactant.

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Estudio financiado parcialmente por proyecto M-2709 - 8714 DIB, Universidad de Chile.

Copyright © 1989. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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