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        "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aunque la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva cr&#243;nica &#40;EPOC&#41; se define por la presencia de obstrucci&#243;n cr&#243;nica y poco reversible al flujo a&#233;reo&#44; desde un punto de vista cl&#237;nico&#44; debemos seguir avanzando en el diagn&#243;stico y el tratamiento de estos pacientes&#44; de modo que no queden relegados a un simple valor espirom&#233;trico&#46; Entender que la EPOC es un proceso heterog&#233;neo y que la complejidad del paciente suele aumentar por la asociaci&#243;n de otras enfermedades&#44; permitir&#225; dise&#241;ar estrategias m&#225;s individualizadas&#44; que pueden mejorar nuestros resultados en el control del proceso&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los estudios TORCH y UPLIFT nos han mostrado que con el tratamiento actual podemos mejorar aspectos muy importantes de la enfermedad&#44; incluyendo la mortalidad&#46; Sin embargo&#44; la finalizaci&#243;n de estos dos grandes estudios ha generado una corriente de opini&#243;n que favorece un abordaje m&#225;s individualizado de los pacientes&#44; abordaje que deber&#225; tener en cuenta todos los factores&#44; pulmonares y no pulmonares&#44; que pueden modificar la forma de presentaci&#243;n del paciente en la cl&#237;nica&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aunque ya estamos asistiendo a un cambio en el enfoque terap&#233;utico de la EPOC&#44; el futuro del tratamiento deber&#225; basarse en estudios realizados en subgrupos espec&#237;ficos de pacientes&#44; as&#237; como en clarificar la interrelaci&#243;n entre la EPOC y otras enfermedades que frecuentemente presentan estos pacientes&#46; Aunque un mejor conocimiento de su patogenia puede desembocar en mejores tratamientos farmacol&#243;gicos&#44; no se prev&#233;n f&#225;rmacos que por s&#237; solos cambien&#44; a corto y medio plazo&#44; la situaci&#243;n de la EPOC&#59; no obstante&#44; un abordaje m&#225;s dirigido al paciente puede ser la principal herramienta que actualmente tiene el m&#233;dico para mejorar la calidad y&#44; posiblemente&#44; la cantidad de vida de estos pacientes&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 45. Issue S3.
Controversias de formación en neumología
Pages 9-13 (March 2009)
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Vol. 45. Issue S3.
Controversias de formación en neumología
Pages 9-13 (March 2009)
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Novedades en la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
Advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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7553
Belén Arnalich Jiméneza, Irene Cano Pumaregab, Anna Mola Ausiróc, José Luis Izquierdo Alonsoa,
Corresponding author
jlizquierdo@sescam.org

Autor para correspondencia.
a Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, España
b Servicio de Neumología, Hospital de Getafe, Getafe, España
c Servicio de Neumología, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, España
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Resumen

Aunque la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) se define por la presencia de obstrucción crónica y poco reversible al flujo aéreo, desde un punto de vista clínico, debemos seguir avanzando en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de estos pacientes, de modo que no queden relegados a un simple valor espirométrico. Entender que la EPOC es un proceso heterogéneo y que la complejidad del paciente suele aumentar por la asociación de otras enfermedades, permitirá diseñar estrategias más individualizadas, que pueden mejorar nuestros resultados en el control del proceso.

Los estudios TORCH y UPLIFT nos han mostrado que con el tratamiento actual podemos mejorar aspectos muy importantes de la enfermedad, incluyendo la mortalidad. Sin embargo, la finalización de estos dos grandes estudios ha generado una corriente de opinión que favorece un abordaje más individualizado de los pacientes, abordaje que deberá tener en cuenta todos los factores, pulmonares y no pulmonares, que pueden modificar la forma de presentación del paciente en la clínica.

Aunque ya estamos asistiendo a un cambio en el enfoque terapéutico de la EPOC, el futuro del tratamiento deberá basarse en estudios realizados en subgrupos específicos de pacientes, así como en clarificar la interrelación entre la EPOC y otras enfermedades que frecuentemente presentan estos pacientes. Aunque un mejor conocimiento de su patogenia puede desembocar en mejores tratamientos farmacológicos, no se prevén fármacos que por sí solos cambien, a corto y medio plazo, la situación de la EPOC; no obstante, un abordaje más dirigido al paciente puede ser la principal herramienta que actualmente tiene el médico para mejorar la calidad y, posiblemente, la cantidad de vida de estos pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Afectación sistémica
Diagnóstico
EPOC
Tratamiento
Abstract

Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by poorly reversible, chronic airflow obstruction, from the clinical point of view we must continue to make progress in the diagnosis and management of these patients so that spirometry is not the only technique used. Understanding that COPD is a heterogeneous process and that patient complexity usually increases due to the presence of comorbidities will allow more individualized strategies to be designed, which may improve control of the process.

The TORCH and UPLIFT trials have shown that current treatment can improve important aspects of the disease, including mortality. However, the finalizing of these two large trials has generated a current of opinion favoring a more individually-tailored approach that should include all the factors –both pulmonary and extrapulmonary– that can modify the patient's form of presentation.

Although we are witnessing a change in the therapeutic approach to COPD, future treatment will probably be based on studies performed in specific patient subgroups and on clarifying the interrelation between COPD and other diseases that are common in these patients. Greater knowledge of the pathogenesis of the disease may improve pharmacological treatment but drugs that, by themselves, alter the short- and longterm course of COPD are not on the horizon. However, a more patient-focussed approach may be the main tool available to physicians to increase quality of life –and possibly survival– in these patients.

Keywords:
Systemic involvement
Diagnosis
COPD
Treatment
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