Article information
Abstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the first cause of mortality due to nosocomial infections in the intensive care unit. Its incidence ranges from 9% to 67% of patients on mechanical ventilation. Risk factors are multiple and are associated with prolonged stays in hospital and intensive care units. Additional costs for each episode of VAP range from €9,000 to €31,000.
Thus, its prevention should be considered as a priority. This prevention could decrease associated morbidity, mortality, costs, and increase patient safety.
Keywords:
Ventilator-associated pneumonia
Artificial respiration
Cross infection
Intensive care unit
Disease prevention
Resumen
La neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica es la primera causa de mortalidad por infecciones nosocomiales en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Su incidencia oscila entre el 9 y el 67% de los pacientes que requieren ventilación mecánica. Hay múltiples factores de riesgo asociados y aumenta significativamente la estancia en la unidad de cuidados intensivos y en el hospital. El coste adicional por cada neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica oscila entre 9.000 y 31.000 €.
Por tanto, su prevención debe considerarse una prioridad. Ésta podría disminuir tanto la morbimortalidad asociada como el coste de la atención, y mejorar la seguridad del paciente.
Palabras clave:
Neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica
Respiración artificial
Infección hospitalaria
Unidad de cuidados intensivos
Prevención de enfermedades
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