Problematica actual de la tuberculosis: II. Organizacion de un programa de lucha antituberculosa

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Alvarez-Sala Walther, J.J. Sicilia Enriquez De Salamanca, M.A. Urban Poza, D. Espinos Perez" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.L." "apellidos" => "Alvarez-Sala Walther" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.J." "apellidos" => "Sicilia Enriquez De Salamanca" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.A." "apellidos" => "Urban Poza" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "D." "apellidos" => "Espinos Perez" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289615324972?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" "url" => "/03002896/0000001600000002/v1_201509151253/S0300289615324972/v1_201509151253/es/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S0300289615324959" "issn" => "03002896" "doi" => "10.1016/S0300-2896(15)32495-9" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "1980-04-01" "aid" => "72564" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 1980;16:75-7" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1195 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 40 "HTML" => 613 "PDF" => 542 ] ] "es" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Quistes broncogenicos pulmonares. Presentacion de 4 casos" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "75" "paginaFinal" => "77" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Pulmonary bronchogenic cysts. Presentation of four cases" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "F. González Aragoneses, C. Baamonde Laborda, L. Zapatero Renón, E. Orusco Palomino, M. Pérez Gallardo, E. Folqué" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "González Aragoneses" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Baamonde Laborda" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Zapatero Renón" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Orusco Palomino" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Pérez Gallardo" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Folqué" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289615324959?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" "url" => "/03002896/0000001600000002/v1_201509151253/S0300289615324959/v1_201509151253/es/main.assets" ] "es" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Problematica actual de la tuberculosis: II. Organizacion de un programa de lucha antituberculosa" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "78" "paginaFinal" => "90" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "P. de March Ayuela" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "P." "apellidos" => "de March Ayuela" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Current state of tuberculosis. II. Organization of a program to fight against tuberculosis" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "1979-07-03" "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "Aunque la tuberculosis es una enfermedad antigua, se acepta que la revolución industrial es la causa de una exacerbación epidémica, debido a las condiciones socioeconómicas por ella creadas (hacinamiento, falta de higiene, que influyen tanto de forma directa, facilitando los contagios en cadena, como indirecta al disminuir la resistencia del organismo frente al germen. Sin embargo, se ha supervalorado la influencia de los factores sociales, y la moderna quimioterapia ha demostrado la falsedad del predominio de aquéllos sobre los estrictamente médicos.Clásicamente se pensaba que la infección primaria confería una inmunidad suficiente para prevenir nuevas infecciones, pero modernos estudios han demostrado que los individuos con reacción positiva a la tuberculina presentan un riesgo de tres a cinco veces mayor de desarrollar tuberculosis activa.Sannarelli por un lado y Lange y Lydtin por otro expusieron sendas teorías, según las cuales la tuberculosis era inextirpable de la sociedad. Los modernos métodos de lucha antituberculosa han puesto de manifiesto lo errado de aquellas teorías. Actualmente se considera posible no sólo erradicar la enfermedad, sino extirpar la infección. Todo esto se concretaría en cuatro fases: superación, control, eliminación y erradicación verdadera.Igualmente erróneo es el concepto de que la primoinfección en el adulto es de mayor gravedad que en la infancia. Actualmente, en los países desarrollados, aun en aquellos con baja endemia, la infección se produce en una mayor proporción en adultos que en niños, pero sin diferencias en cuanto a la gravedad.Finalmente se comenta el tema de la reinfección como factor de tisiogénesis y su importancia práctica a la hora de programar la lucha antituberculosa." ] "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Summary" "resumen" => "Although tuberculosis is an ancient disease, it is accepted that the industrial revolution was the cause of an epidemic exacerbation due to the socio-economic condictions said revolution created (crowding, lack of hygiene). These conditions influenced both directly, facilitating chain contagion, and indirectly by decreasing the resistance of the organism to the germ. However, the influence of social factors have been overevaluated, and modern chemotherapy has demonstrated the falsity of the predominance of social factors over strictly medical factors.Classically, it was thought that the primary infection conferred sufficient immunity to prevent new infections, but modern studies have shown that individuals with a positive reaction to tuberculin present a risk, three to five times greater, of developing active tuberculosis.Sannarelli, on the one hand, and Lange and Lydtin on the other, presented noteworthy theories, according to which tuberculosis couid not be eradicated from society. Modern methods for fighting against tuberculosis, however, hace shown the errors of these theories. Currently it is thought that it is possible not oniy to eradicate the disease, but aiso to eliminate the infection. This wouid be carried out in four phases: surmount, control, elimination and true eradication.The concept that the first infection in adulthood is of greater severity than in infancy is aiso wrong. Currently, in developed countries, even those with low endemia, the infection is produced, in greater proportion, in adults than in children, but with no differences with respect to severity.Finally the authors comment on the topic of reinfection as a factor of pthisiogenesis and its practical importance for programming the fight against tuberculosis." ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografia" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:201 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1." 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Current state of tuberculosis. II. Organization of a program to fight against tuberculosis

P. de March Ayuela

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    "titulo" => "Problematica actual de la tuberculosis&#58; II&#46; Organizacion de un programa de lucha antituberculosa"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aunque la tuberculosis es una enfermedad antigua&#44; se acepta que la revoluci&#243;n industrial es la causa de una exacerbaci&#243;n epid&#233;mica&#44; debido a las condiciones socioecon&#243;micas por ella creadas &#40;hacinamiento&#44; falta de higiene&#44; que influyen tanto de forma directa&#44; facilitando los contagios en cadena&#44; como indirecta al disminuir la resistencia del organismo frente al germen&#46; Sin embargo&#44; se ha supervalorado la influencia de los factores sociales&#44; y la moderna quimioterapia ha demostrado la falsedad del predominio de aqu&#233;llos sobre los estrictamente m&#233;dicos&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cl&#225;sicamente se pensaba que la infecci&#243;n primaria confer&#237;a una inmunidad suficiente para prevenir nuevas infecciones&#44; pero modernos estudios han demostrado que los individuos con reacci&#243;n positiva a la tuberculina presentan un riesgo de tres a cinco veces mayor de desarrollar tuberculosis activa&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sannarelli por un lado y Lange y Lydtin por otro expusieron sendas teor&#237;as&#44; seg&#250;n las cuales la tuberculosis era inextirpable de la sociedad&#46; Los modernos m&#233;todos de lucha antituberculosa han puesto de manifiesto lo errado de aquellas teor&#237;as&#46; Actualmente se considera posible no s&#243;lo erradicar la enfermedad&#44; sino extirpar la infecci&#243;n&#46; Todo esto se concretar&#237;a en cuatro fases&#58; superaci&#243;n&#44; control&#44; eliminaci&#243;n y erradicaci&#243;n verdadera&#46;</p><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Igualmente err&#243;neo es el concepto de que la primoinfecci&#243;n en el adulto es de mayor gravedad que en la infancia&#46; Actualmente&#44; en los pa&#237;ses desarrollados&#44; aun en aquellos con baja endemia&#44; la infecci&#243;n se produce en una mayor proporci&#243;n en adultos que en ni&#241;os&#44; pero sin diferencias en cuanto a la gravedad&#46;</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Finalmente se comenta el tema de la reinfecci&#243;n como factor de tisiog&#233;nesis y su importancia pr&#225;ctica a la hora de programar la lucha antituberculosa&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Although tuberculosis is an ancient disease&#44; it is accepted that the industrial revolution was the cause of an epidemic exacerbation due to the socio-economic condictions said revolution created &#40;crowding&#44; lack of hygiene&#41;&#46; These conditions influenced both directly&#44; facilitating chain contagion&#44; and indirectly by decreasing the resistance of the organism to the germ&#46; However&#44; the influence of social factors have been overevaluated&#44; and modern chemotherapy has demonstrated the falsity of the predominance of social factors over strictly medical factors&#46;</p><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Classically&#44; it was thought that the primary infection conferred sufficient immunity to prevent new infections&#44; but modern studies have shown that individuals with a positive reaction to tuberculin present a risk&#44; three to five times greater&#44; of developing active tuberculosis&#46;</p><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sannarelli&#44; on the one hand&#44; and Lange and Lydtin on the other&#44; presented noteworthy theories&#44; according to which tuberculosis couid not be eradicated from society&#46; Modern methods for fighting against tuberculosis&#44; however&#44; hace shown the errors of these theories&#46; Currently it is thought that it is possible not oniy to eradicate the disease&#44; but aiso to eliminate the infection&#46; This wouid be carried out in four phases&#58; surmount&#44; control&#44; elimination and true eradication&#46;</p><p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The concept that the first infection in adulthood is of greater severity than in infancy is aiso wrong&#46; Currently&#44; in developed countries&#44; even those with low endemia&#44; the infection is produced&#44; in greater proportion&#44; in adults than in children&#44; but with no differences with respect to severity&#46;</p><p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Finally the authors comment on the topic of reinfection as a factor of pthisiogenesis and its practical importance for programming the fight against tuberculosis&#46;</p></span>"
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Article information

ISSN: 03002896
Original language: Spanish

DOI:10.1016/S0300-2896(15)32496-0

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2019 March	9	23	32
2019 February	6	5	11
2019 January	7	7	14
2018 December	12	10	22
2018 November	12	11	23
2018 October	19	10	29
2018 September	8	6	14
2018 July	0	1	1
2018 May	8	2	10
2018 April	11	9	20
2018 March	6	6	12
2018 February	7	7	14
2018 January	8	7	15
2017 December	8	8	16
2017 November	7	9	16
2017 October	7	11	18
2017 September	5	5	10
2017 August	6	9	15
2017 July	8	4	12
2017 June	33	20	53
2017 May	16	10	26
2017 April	15	9	24
2017 March	12	10	22
2017 February	6	5	11
2017 January	5	4	9
2016 December	13	7	20
2016 November	16	20	36
2016 October	17	18	35
2016 September	22	15	37
2016 August	22	12	34
2016 July	20	6	26
2016 June	27	15	42
2016 May	18	9	27
2016 April	15	1	16
2016 March	16	1	17
2016 February	6	2	8
2016 January	15	11	26
2015 December	24	21	45
2015 November	22	5	27
2015 October	8	2	10
2015 September	2	0	2

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