Calidad de vida en asma: fiabilidad y validez del cuestionario genérico SF-36 aplicado a la población asmática de un área sanitaria

Espinosa de los Monteros, M.J.; Alonso, J.; Ancochea, J.; González, A.

doi:10.1016/S0300-2896(02)75139-9

Archivos de Bronconeumología

ISSN: 0300-2896

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Vol. 38. Issue 1.

Pages 4-9 (January 2002)

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Pages 4-9 (January 2002)

DOI: 10.1016/S0300-2896(02)75139-9

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Calidad de vida en asma: fiabilidad y validez del cuestionario genérico SF-36 aplicado a la población asmática de un área sanitaria

Quality of life in asthma: reliability and validity of the short form generic questionnaire (SF-36) applied to the population of asthmatics in a public health area

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M.J. Espinosa de los Monterosa,

Corresponding author

mjespinosa@eresmas.net

Correspondencia: Dra. M.J. Espinosa de los Monteros Garde. Hospital Virgen de la Salud. Avda. Barber, 30. 45004. Toledo

, J. Alonsob, J. Ancocheac, A. Gonzálezd

a Servicio de Neumología del Hospital Virgen de la Salud de Toledo

b Unidad de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios. Instituto Municipal de Investigación Médica (IMIM). Barcelona

c Servicio de Neumología. Hospital de la Princesa de Madrid

d Atención Primaria. Área 2 de Madrid

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Statistics

Objetivo

Analizar la fiabilidad y validez de la escala genérica de calidad de vida SF-36 aplicada a nuestros pacientes asmáticos

Métodos

Cumplimentó el cuestionario un total de 219 pacientes adultos de cualquier etiología y sin limitación de sexo, tipo o grado de gravedad, pertenecientes a 10 centros de salud del Área 2 de Madrid. La fiabilidad se calculó mediante el análisis de consistencia interna y la validez mediante el estudio de la asociación con determinadas variables (edad del paciente, edad de comienzo. PEF, FEV1 y gravedad según consenso) y el análisis de las diferencias en cada una de las dimensiones con tales variables

Resultados

La puntuación más alta (mejor calidad de vida) correspondió a la dimensión de limitaciones del rol por problemas emocionales (80 ± 37) y la más baja a la de percepción de salud general (50,4 ± 24). El porcentaje de pacientes con mínima puntuación fluctuó del 0 al 5,8% y con máxima del 0,4 al 19,8%. Los valores alfa de Cronbach se situaron por encima de 0,7 (recorrido: 0,77–0,80). Las puntuaciones promedio de varones y mujeres según nivel de gravedad objetivaron diferencias significativas a favor de los varones, únicamente en tres de las dimensiones y para los grupos de gravedad leve y moderado. Todas las dimensiones a excepción de limitaciones del rol por problemas emocionales y físicos se correlacionaron significativamente con el FEV1%

Conclusión

La fiabilidad y validez del SF-36, en su versión española, aplicado a pacientes asmáticos son satisfactorias, proporcionando una manera adecuada para evaluar su calidad de vida

Palabras clave:

Asma

Calidad de vida

SF-36

Objective

To analyze the reliability and validity of the short form of the generic quality of life scale (SF-36) when used with our asthmatic patients

Methods

Two hundred nineteen adults with asthma of any etiology and without limits on sex, type or severity of asthma who were being treated at 10 health clinics (Madrid, Area 2) filled in the questionnaire. Reliability was calculated by an analysis of internal consistency and validity by studying the correlation among certain variables (patient age, age of onset, PEF, FEV1 and severity according to consensus criteria) and the analysis of differences on each of the dimensions encompassing such variables

Results

The highest score (best quality of life) was observed in the dimension of role limitations due to emotional problems (80 ± 37) and the lowest was seen for perception of general health (50.4 ± 24). The percentage of patients with the lowest scores ranged from 0 to 5.8% and the percentage with the highest scores ranged from 0.4 to 19.8%. The Cronbach alpha coefficient was greater than 0.7 (range 0.77–0.80). Mean scores related to level of severity were significantly better for men than for women on only three dimensions and for mild and moderate severity groups. All dimensions except role limitations due to emotional and physical problems were significantly related to FEV1%

Conclusion

The reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the SF-36 questionnaire is satisfactory when applied to asthmatic patients, making it an appropriate way to assess quality of life

Key words:

Asthma

Quality of Life

SF-36

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