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Vol. 29. Issue 3.
Pages 96-100 (April 1993)
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Vol. 29. Issue 3.
Pages 96-100 (April 1993)
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Beta-2 adrenérgicos. Efectos secundarios. Yatrogenia
Beta-2-adrenergic drugs. latrogenic secondary effects
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J. Allende González, L. Colubi Colubi, J. Martínez González-Río
Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Covadonga. Oviedo
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Un gran número de pacientes afectos de asma bronquial o enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica precisan utilizar agonistas beta-2, fármacos que han mejorado la calidad de vida de estos enfermos. Su acción broncodilatadora es rápida y eficaz y han demostrado ser unos fármacos seguros a las dosis habitualmente empleadas en clínica. Pueden, sin embargo, dar lugar a ciertos efectos indeseables, los más importantes de los cuales son temblor, taquicardia sinusal y nerviosismo, que son más aparentes cuando se utilizan a dosis altas y por vías diferentes a la inhalatoria. Su empleo debe ser cuidadoso en caso de enfermedad cardiovascular e hipertiroidismo. La posible asociación entre agonistas beta-2 inhalados y aumento en la mortalidad por asma, motivo de numerosas publicaciones en los últimos años, podría ser tan sólo reflejo de un inadecuado control de la enfermedad, siendo importante instruir a los pacientes en el manejo de los inhaladores y advertirles del significado que puede tener la necesidad creciente de los mismos.

A large number of patients with bronchial asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease require the use of beta-2 agonists, drugs which have improved the quality of life of these patients. The bronchodilatory action of these drugs is rapid and effective and they have been demonstrated to be safe drugs at the doses normally used in clinical conditions. Certain undesirable effects may take place, however, with the most important being trembling, sinusal tachycardia, and nervousness which are more apparent when high doses given at routes other than inhalation are used. Their use must be careful in cardiovascular disease and hyperthyroidism. The possible association between inhaled beta-2 agonists and an increase in death by asthma, reported in numerous publications in recent years, may only reflect inadequate disease control. Thus, it is important for patients to be instructed in the management of the inhalers and warn them of the significance of the growing need for the same.

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Copyright © 1993. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
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