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Vol. 39. Issue 2.
Pages 74-80 (February 2003)
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Vol. 39. Issue 2.
Pages 74-80 (February 2003)
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Uso secuencial de la pulsioximetría nocturna y la poligrafía respiratoria (AutoSet®) para el diagnóstico del síndrome de apneas-hipopneas durante el sueño en pacientes con alta sospecha clínica
Sequential use of nocturnal pulse oximetry and respiratory polygraphy (AutoSet®) for diagnosing sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome in high risk patients
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M.A. Martínez Garcíaa,
Corresponding author
med013413@nacom.es

Correspondencia: Unidad de Neumología. Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital General de Requena.Paraje Casa Blanca, s/n. 46340 Requena. Valencia. España
, J.J. Soler Cataluñab, P. Román Sánchezb
a Unidad de Neumología. Hospital General de Requena. Valencia
b Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital General de Requena. Valencia. España
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Objetivo

Construcción de un algoritmo para el diagnós-tico del síndrome de apneas-hipopneas durante el sueño (SAHS) mediante el uso optimizado y secuencial de la pul-sioximetría nocturna (PN) y la poligrafía respiratoria AutoSet® (AS) en pacientes con alta sospecha clínica de SAHS

Métodos

Realización simultánea de una PN y AS en 145 pacientes con alta sospecha clínica de SAHS (al menos dos de: roncopatía crónica, apneas presenciadas y repetidas, y somnolencia diurna patológica). El diagnóstico de SAHS se realizó con un índice de apneas-hipopneas (IAH) (obtenido mediante AS)=10. Para la construcción del algoritmo diag-nóstico se siguieron los siguientes pasos: cálculo de la preva-lencia de SAHS; cálculo del mejor punto de corte diagnósti-co en el índice de desaturaciones mayores o iguales al 4% (ID 4%) respecto al IAH; análisis del valor predictivo positi-vo (VPP) y negativo (VPN) para dicho valor y correlación y concordancia entre ID 4% e IAH según la existencia y gra-vedad de SAHS

Resultados

La prevalencia global de SAHS fue del 83,4%. El mejor punto de corte se obtuvo para un ID 4%=10 (sensibilidad [S]: 82%; especificidad [E]: 83%). Los VPP y VPN para la prevalencia calculada fueron de 0,95 y 0,29, respectivamente. La correlación y concordancia global entre el ID 4% e IAH fue de 0,84 y 0,93, respectivamente. En pa-cientes sin SAHS fueron de 0,49 y 0,35, y ambas aumenta-ron progresivamente en SAHS leves, moderados y graves (0,90 y 0,95, respectivamente, en SAHS graves). Con todos estos datos se construyó el algoritmo diagnóstico según el cual la obtención de un ID 4% =30 en la PN (S: 72%; E: 100%) evitaría la realización de una AS posterior, mientras que un ID 4% < 30 haría necesaria la realización de estudios posteriores (AS o PSG en caso de negatividad de la AS), dada la alta prevalencia de SAHS en nuestra serie

Conclusiones

La utilización secuencial de la PN y la AS permite ahorrar un número importante de estudios polisom-nográficos en poblaciones con alta sospecha clínica de SAHS

Palabras clave:
Síndrome de apneas-hipopneas durante el sue-ño
AutoSet®
Pulsioximetría nocturna
Algoritmo diagnóstico
Objective

To construct an algorithm for the diagnosis of sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) based on the opti-mized sequential use of nocturnal pulse oximetry and respi-ratory polygraphy (AutoSet®, AS) in patients suspected of SAHS

Methods

Simultaneous performance of pulse oximetry and AS in 145 patients highly suspected of SAHS (at least two of the following signs or symptoms: chronic snoring, ob-servations of repeated apneic events, and abnormal daytime drowsiness). SAHS was diagnosed when the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) was greater than or equal to 10, based on AS findings. The diagnostic algorithm was obtained by calcula-ting the prevalence of SAHS, calculating the best diagnostic cutoff point for a desaturation index greater than or equal to 4% (ID4%) based on the AHI; analyzing the positive predic-tive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for the cutoff and the correlation and agreement between ID4% and the AHI depending on the presence and severity of SAHS

Results

The overall prevalence of SAHS was 83.4%. The best cutoff point was obtained using ID4% greater than or equal to 10 (sensitivity 82%; specificity 83%). The PPV and NPV for the prevalence calculated were 0.95 and 0.29, respectively. The correlation between ID4% and AHI was 0.84; overall agreement was 0.93. For patients who did not have SAHS, the PPV was 0.49, and the NPV was 0.35; both gradually increased in cases of mild, moderate and severe SAHS (to 0.90 and 0.95, respectively, for severe SAHS). Using these data we created a diagnostic algorithm accor-ding to which an ID4% greater than or equal to 30 for noc-turnal pulse oximetry (sensitivity 72%, specificity 100%) would indicate that AS testing would be unnecessary. An ID4% less than 30, on the other hand, would lead to further testing (AS, or polysomnography in the event of a negative AS), based on the high prevalence of SAHS in our series

Conclusions

The sequential use of nocturnal pulse oxi-metry and AS allows substantial savings of polysomnograp-hic testing in groups at high risk of SAHS

Keywords:
Sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome
AutoSet®
Nocturnal pulse oximetry
Diagnostic algorithm
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