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Vol. 27. Issue 7.
Pages 290-294 (October 1991)
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Vol. 27. Issue 7.
Pages 290-294 (October 1991)
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Ventilación mecánica domiciliaria a presión positiva intermitente por vía nasal: estudio de tres casos
Domiciliary mechanical ventilation at intermittent positive pressure through nasal way: study of three cases
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J.F. Masa Jiménez, J. Sánchez de Cos Escuin, J.L. de la Cruz Rios, B. Sánchez Gónzalez
Unidad de Neumología. Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara. Complejo Hospitalario. Cáceres
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La insuficiencia respiratoria crónica de origen toracógeno supone un problema terapéutico no resuelto con la administración crónica de oxígeno. En los últimos años se han desarrollado sistemas de ventilación mecánica domiciliaria como alternativa. La ventilación a presión positiva intermitente por vía nasal (NIPPV) utilizada durante las horas del sueño, es la más reciente. Hemos probado NIPPV en tres pacientes con IRC toracógena (dos cifoescoliosis y una toracoplastia) que habían presentado episodios de fallo respiratorio agudo. En todos los pacientes desaparecieron los síntomas clínicos derivados de IRC desde los diez primeros días de tratamiento. Funcionalmente, la PO2 y la PCO2 mejoraron desde los diez primeros días, así como las presiones musculares máximas. Como complicaciones aparecieron fuga oral, abrasión nasal y aerofagia que se solucionaron fácilmente.

La NIPPV parece ser un método eficaz para el tratamiento de insuficiencias respiratorias crónicas toracógenas, pudiendo suponer una alternativa ventajosa a otros métodos de ventilación mecánica domiciliaria.

Chronic respiratory insufficiency of thoracogenic origin represents a therapeutic problem not resolved with chronic oxygen administration. During the last years alternative systems of domiciliary mechanical ventilation have been developed. Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) used during sleep hours is the most recent technique. We have evaluated NIPPV in three patients with thoracogenic chronic respiratory insufficiency (two cases of kyphoscoliosis and one thoracoplasty) who presented episodes of acute respiratory insufficiency. In all patients symptoms derived from chronic respiratory insufficiency disappeared after the first ten days of treatment. After this period of time we also observed a functional improvement of PO2, PCO2, and maximal muscular pressures. Complications were oral leakage, nasal abrasion and aerophagia and all were easily resolved. NIPPV appears to be an efficacious method for the treatment of thoracogenic chronic respiratory insufficiency and it may be an advantageous alternative to domiciliary mechanical ventilation.

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Copyright © 1991. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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