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Vol. 31. Issue 8.
Pages 399-402 (October 1995)
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Vol. 31. Issue 8.
Pages 399-402 (October 1995)
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Ventilación asistida vía máscara nasal en pacientes hospitalizados en una sala de neumología por descompensación de su obstrucción crónica al flujo aéreo
Assisted ventilation by nasal mask in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients admitted to a pneumology ward due to decompensation
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E. Servera*, P. Vergara, J. Marín, M. Pérez, R. Castaño, H. Mora
Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Clínico Universitario. Valencia
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Nuestro objetivo fue valorar la efectividad de la ventilación asistida vía máscara nasal (VAN) en el tratamiento de los OCFA ingresados por descompensación, con PaCO2>60 mmHg y pH<7,35, en una sala de neumología. Estudiamos 13 OCFA en los que, con vigilancia 1-2 días, hasta la adaptación, se hacían 2 sesiones diurnas de VAN de 4 horas, con aparatos de doble presión positiva DP90 y máscaras Sullivan, con una cánula para hiperoxia. Se valoraron: gasometría, situación subjetiva y problemas relacionados con la máscara. Gasometrías utilizadas: la primera, al ingreso en la sala (IS); la segunda con la VAN, 2 días después de la adaptación, y la tercera, con oxigenoterapia, 3 horas después de la segunda (POST). Estadística: t de Student para series apareadas. Edad: 64±3 y FEV1: 0,69±0,14 1. Interrupciones: una por necesitar abrir la boca, incluso con mínimas presiones, y por imposibilidad de adaptación consecuente a taquipnea. En el resto, ningún problema y todos refirieron mejoría subjetiva. El pH de 7,29±0,03 en IS aumentó a 7,41±0,03 en la VAN (p<0,001), y se mantuvo en 7,39±0,01 en POST (p<0,001 POST-IS y NS POST-VAN). La PaO2/FiO2 fue 223±49 mmHg en IS y 267±41 mmHg POST (p=0,06). La PaO2 con VAN: 67±8 mmHg. La PaCO2 de 77±12 mmHg en IS disminuyó a 54±9 mmHg con VAN (p<0,001) y pasó a 54±8 mmHg POST (p<0,001 POST-IS y NS POST-VAN). En conclusión, la VAN mediante DP90 puede mejorar la acidosis respiratoria y la situación subjetiva de los OCFA ingresados por descompensación en una sala de neumología.

Palabras clave:
Tratamiento de la OCFA
Ventilación no invasiva
Doble presión positiva en la vía aérea

Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of assisted ventilation through a nasal mask (AVN) in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients who were admitted to a pneumology ward due to decompensation, with PaCO2>60 mmHg and pH<7.35. We studied 13 COPD patients who were first observed for 1-2 days until adaptation and then given 2 daily sessions of AVN lasting 4 hours with double positive pressure (DP90) devices through Sullivan mask with a cannula for hyperoxia. Gasometric readings were recorded, along with subjective assessment of condition and problems with the mask. Gasometric readings were taken as follows: the first upon admission to the ward (AW), the second with AVN 2 days after adaptation and the third 3 hours after the second (POST). Statistical analysis was with a Student t-test for paired series. Mean age was 64±3 years and FEV1 was 0.69±0.14 1. Interruptions were due to the need for mouth opening even at minimum pressures, and the inability to adapt to the consequent tachypnea. No other problems were reported by the remaining patients and all perceived improvement subjectively. The pH of 7.29±0.03 at AW increased to 7.41±0.03 with AVN (p<0.001) and held steady at 7.39±0.01 at POST (p<0.001 POST-AW and p=NS POST-AVN). PaO2/FiO2 was 223±49 mmHg at AW and 267±41 mmHg at the POST reading (p=0.06). PaO2 with AVN was 67±8 mmHg. The PaCO2 of 77±12 mmHg at AW decreased to 54±9 mmHg with AVN (p<0.001) and was 54±8 mmHg at the POST reading (p<0.001 POST-AW and p=NS POST-AVN). In conclusion, AVN by DP90 can improve respiratory acidosis and the subjective status of COPD patients admitted to the pneumology ward due to decompensation.

Key words:
Treatment of COPD
Non invasive ventilation
Double positive airways pressure
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Copyright © 1995. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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