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Vol. 42. Issue 2.
Pages 68-73 (February 2006)
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Vol. 42. Issue 2.
Pages 68-73 (February 2006)
Original Articles
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Usefulness of the Guidelines of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) in Identifying the Causes of Chronic Cough
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V. Plazaa,
Corresponding author
vplaza@santpau.es

Correspondence: Dr. V. Plaza-Moral. Departament de Pneumologia. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Sant Antoni M. Claret, 167. 08025 Barcelona. España
, E. Miguela, J. Bellido-Casadoa, M.P. Lozanob, L. Ríosb, I. Bolíbarc
a Departament de Pneumologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
b Area Bàsica de Salut Congrès, Barcelona, Spain
c Servei de Epidemiologia Clínica, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Objective

The usefulness of the recently published guidelines of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough has not yet been demonstrated. The objectives of the present study were a) to evaluate the usefulness of the SEPAR guidelines for identifying the possible causes of chronic cough, and b) to determine the most frequent causes of chronic cough treated by primary care physicians.

Methods

We carried out a prospective descriptive study that included 57 consecutive patients (mean age, 62 years) seeking medical attention for chronic cough in a primary health care area. The patients were evaluated using the algorithm proposed in the SEPAR guidelines, whereby the diagnostic procedure is divided into 3 phases in function of complexity. Phase I was carried out at the primary care level, and phases II and III at a hospital pneumology department.

Results

For 56 patients (98%), the potential cause of cough was identified for 52 (91%) in phase I; for 3 (5%), in phase II; and for 1 (2%), in phase III. In 30 patients (53%), a single cause was identified; in 20 (36%), 2 causes; and in 6 (11%), more than 2 causes. Considered individually, the most common causes were postnasal drip in 26 cases (46%), the use of cough-inducing drugs (10 of them attributable to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) in 16 (28%), asthma in 15 (27%), infection in 13 (23%), gastroesophageal reflux in 12 (21%), and others in 9 (16%).

Conclusions

The application of the SEPAR guidelines on chronic cough is useful for the identification of its causes. The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors is a frequent cause of coughs diagnosed at the level of primary outpatient health care.

Key words:
Chronic cough
Chronic cough, causes
Chronic cough, diagnosis
SEPAR guidelines
Objetivo

Recientemente, la Sociedad Española de Neu-mología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR) ha editado una normativa para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la tos crónica, cuya eficacia aún no se ha demostrado. Los objetivos del presente estudio han sido: a) evaluar la eficacia de la normativa SEPAR en la identificación de las posibles causas de tos crónica, y b) determinar las causas de tos crónica más frecuentes en el nivel de la atención primaria sanitaria.

Métodos

Se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo y pros-pectivo que incluyó consecutivamente a 57 pacientes (media de edad de 62 años) que consultaron por tos crónica en un área básica de salud. Se les evaluó según el algoritmo pro-puesto en la normativa SEPAR, que distribuye en 3 fases el proceso diagnóstico a seguir dependiendo de su compleji-dad. La primera de éstas, la fase I, se realizó en el nivel asis-tencial de la atención primaria, y las fases II y III, en la con-sulta de neumología hospitalaria.

Resultados

En 56 pacientes (98%) se consiguió identifi-car la causa potencial de la tos, en 52 (91 %) en la fase I, en 3 (5%) en la fase II y en uno (2%) en la fase III. En 30 pacientes (53%) se constató una sola causa de tos, en 20 (36%) se evidenciaron 2 y en 6 (11%), más de 2. Consideradas indivi-dualmente, las causas más frecuentes observadas fueron: en 26 casos (46%), goteo nasal posterior; en 16 (28%), ingesta de fármacos desencadenantes de tos (10 de ellos inhibidores de la enzima de conversión de la angiotensina); en 15 (27%), asma; en 13 (23%), infecciosa; en 12 (21%), reflujo gastro-esofágico, y en 9 (16%), otras.

Conclusiones

La aplicación de la normativa SEPAR so-bre la tos crónica es eficaz en la identificación de sus causas. La tos por la toma de inhibidores de la enzima de conversión de la angiotensina es una causa frecuente en el nivel ex-trahospitalario básico sanitario.

Palabras clave:
Tos crónica
Causas de tos crónica
Diagnóstico de tos crónica
Recomendaciones SEPAR
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Copyright © 2006. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
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