Journal Information
Vol. 43. Issue 4.
Pages 219-224 (April 2007)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 43. Issue 4.
Pages 219-224 (April 2007)
Original Articles
Full text access
Usefulness of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration in the Diagnosis of Mediastinal Lesions
Visits
4977
Glòria Fernández-Esparracha, Maria Pelliséa, Manel Soléb, Josep Beldac, Oriol Sendinoa, Josep Llacha, Alfredo Mataa, Josep Maria Bordasa, Àngels Ginèsa,
Corresponding author
magines@clinic.ub.es

Correspondence: Dra. A. Ginès. Unidad de Endoscopia. Institut de Malalties Digestives. Hospital Clínic. Villarroel, 170. 08036 Barcelona. España
a Unidad de Endoscopia, Institut de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
b Departamento de Patología, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic, Barcelona, Spain
c Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics
Objective

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is a safe and effective technique for the diagnosis of focal pancreatic lesions and enlarged abdominal lymph nodes. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of EUS-FNA in the diagnosis of mediastinal lesions.

Patients and methods

A retrospective review was performed of all consecutive cases in which EUS-FNA was used for the diagnosis of a mediastinal lesion between January 2001 and September 2003. We used a radial echoendoscope to assess the characteristics of the lesion and a linear-array echoendoscope to perform transesophageal needle aspiration with a 22-gauge needle. Histopathology of the resected specimen was considered as the gold standard in surgically treated patients whereas cytology obtained by EUS-FNA was the gold standard when surgery was not indicated.

Results

EUS-FNA was performed in 59 patients with a total of 89 lesions with mean (SD) dimensions of 2.4 (2.0) cm × 1.6 (1.4) cm. Malignant lesions were larger than benign ones (short axis, 2.7 [1.4] as compared with 1.0 [0.9] cm; P <.001). The diagnosis was obtained for 53 patients (90%) and 81 lesions (91%) with a mean of 2 (1) passes per lesion. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and diagnostic accuracy of EUS-FNA were 81%, 100%, 100%, 75%, and 88%, respectively, when analyzed by lesion, and 88%, 100%, 100%, 80%, and 92% when analyzed by patient.

Conclusions

EUS-FNA is an effective technique for the diagnosis of mediastinal lesions. The likelihood of malignancy increases with size.

Key words:
Fine-needle aspiration
Endoscopic ultrasound
Mediastinum
Objetivo

La punción aspirativa con aguja fina guiada por ultrasonografía endoscópica (USE-PAAF) es una técnica eficaz y segura en el diagnóstico de las lesiones focales del páncreas y las adenopatías intraabdominales. El objetivo de este estudio es describir su utilidad en el diagnóstico de las lesiones mediastínicas.

Pacientes y métodos

Se han revisado todos los casos consecutivos a los que se realizó una USE-PAAF para estudio de una lesión mediastínica desde enero de 2001 hasta septiembre de 2003. Las exploraciones se efectuaron con un ecoendoscopio radial para estudio de las características de la lesión y un ecoendoscopio sectorial para realizar la punción transesofágica usando una aguja de 22 G. Se utilizó como referencia la cirugía en los pacientes operados y el resultado de la citología obtenida con la USE-PAAF en los casos en que el tratamiento quirúrgico no estaba indicado.

Resultados

Se realizó USE-PAAF a 59 pacientes con un total de 89 lesiones, con diámetro medio ± desviación estándar de 2,4 ± 2 × 1,6 ± 1,4 cm. El tamaño de las lesiones malignas fue mayor que el de las benignas (diámetro corto: 2,7 ± 1,4 frente a 1 ± 0,9 cm, respectivamente; p < 0,001). El material obtenido permitió el diagnóstico en 53 pacientes (90%) y en 81 lesiones (91%), y el número de pases fue de 2 ± 1 por lesión. La sensibilidad, la especificidad, el valor predictivo positivo, el valor predictivo negativo y la precisión para el diagnóstico fueron del 81, el 100, el 100, el 75 y el 88%, respectivamente (el 88, el 100, el 100, el 80 y el 92% al analizarlos por paciente).

Conclusiones

La USE-PAAF es una técnica eficaz en el estudio de la patología mediastínica. La probabilidad de malignidad es mayor cuanto mayor es el tamaño de la lesión.

Palabras clave:
Punción aspirativa
Ultrasonografía endoscópica
Mediastino
Full text is only aviable in PDF
References
[1]
PM Boiselle, EF Patz, DJ Vining, R Weissleder, JA Shepard, TC McLoud.
Imaging of mediastinal lymph nodes: CT, MR, and FDG PET.
Radiographics, 18 (1998), pp. 1061-1069
[2]
KM Kerr, D Lamb, GG Wathen, WS Walker, NJ Douglas.
Pathological assessment of mediastinal lymph nodes in lung cancer: Implications for non-invasive mediastinal staging.
Thorax, 47 (1992), pp. 337-341
[3]
GA Silvestri, BJ Hoffman, MS Buthani, RH Hawes, L Coppage, A Sanders-Cliette, et al.
Endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer.
Ann Thorac Surg, 61 (1996), pp. 1441-1446
[4]
F Gress, TJ Savides, A Sandier, K Kesler, D Conces, O Cummings, et al.
Endoscopic ultrasonography, fine needle aspiration guided by endoscopic ultrasonography and computed tomography in the preoperative staging of non-small cell lung cancer: a comparison study.
Ann Intern Med, 127 (1997), pp. 604-612
[5]
A Fritscher-Ravens, N Soehendra, L Schirrow, PV Sriram, A Meyer, HP Hauber, et al.
Role of transesophageal endosonography-guided fine-needle aspiration in the diagnosis of lung cancer.
Chest, 117 (2000), pp. 339-345
[6]
E Vázquez-Sequeiros, ID Norton, JE Clain, KK Wang, A Affi, M Allen, et al.
Impact of EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration on lymph node staging in patients with esophageal carcinoma.
Gastrointest Endosc, 53 (2001), pp. 751-757
[7]
MJ Wiersema, ML Kochman, A Chak, HM Cramer, KA Kesler.
Real-time endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of a mediastinal lymph node.
Gastrointest Endosc, 39 (1993), pp. 429-431
[8]
DL Serna, HE Aryan, KJ Chang, M Brenner, LM Tran, JC Chen.
An early comparison between endoscopic ultrasound-guided fineneedle aspiration and mediastinoscopy for diagnosis of mediastinal malignancy.
Am Surg, 64 (1998), pp. 1014-1018
[9]
A Fritscher-Ravens, PV Sriram, C Bobrowski, A Pforte, T Topalidis, C Krause, et al.
Mediastinal lymphadenopathy in patients with or without obvious malignancy: EUS-FNA based differential cytodiagnosis in 153 patients.
Am J Gastroenterol, 95 (2000), pp. 2278-2284
[10]
LV Hernández, G Mishra, S George, M Buthani.
A descriptive analysis of EUS-FNA for mediastinal lymphadenopathy: an emphasis on clinical impact and false negative results.
Am J Gastroenterol, 99 (2004), pp. 249-254
[11]
SS Larsen, M Krasnik, P Vilmann, GK Jacobsen, JH Pedersen, P Faurschou, et al.
Endoscopic ultrasound guided biopsy of mediastinal lesions has a major impact on patient management.
Thorax, 57 (2002), pp. 98-103
[12]
JB Menta, A Dutt, L Harvill, KM Mathews.
Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. A comparative analysis with pre-AIDS era.
Chest, 99 (1991), pp. 1134-1138
[13]
V Cárcaba, JA Cartón, J Morís, Z García Amorín, M García Clemente, M Rodríguez Junquera, et al.
Tuberculosis e infección por VIH. Evaluación de 132 casos.
Rev Clin Esp, 193 (1993), pp. 12-16
[14]
T McCloud, L Kalisher, L Stark, R Greene.
Intrathoracic lymph node metastases from extrathoracic neoplasms.
JR Am J Roentgenol, 131 (1978), pp. 403-407
[15]
H Kramer, GH Koeter, DT Sleijfer, JW Van Putten, HJ Groen.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration in patients with mediastinal abnormalities and previous extrathoracic malignancy.
Eur J Cancer, 40 (2004), pp. 559-562
[16]
M Giovanini, JF Seitz, G Monges, H Perrier, I Rabbia.
Fine-needle aspiration cytology guided by endoscopic ultrasonography: results in 141 patients.
Endoscopy, 27 (1995), pp. 171-177
[17]
MJ Wiersema, P Vilmann, M Giovannini, KJ Chang, LM Wiersema.
Endosonography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy: diagnostic accuracy and complication assessment.
Gastroenterology, 112 (1997), pp. 1087-1095
[18]
MB Mortensen, T Pless, AP Ainsworth, GJ Plagborg, C Hovendal.
Clinical impact of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy in patients with upper gastrointestinal tract malignancies. A prospective study.
Endoscopy, 33 (2001), pp. 478-483
[19]
VK Chen, MA Eloubeidi.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration is superior to lymph node echofeatures: a prospective evaluation of mediastinal and peri-intestinal lymphadenopathy.
Am J Gastroenterol, 99 (2004), pp. 628-633
[20]
L Aabakken, GA Silvestri, R Hawes, CE Reed, V Marsi, B Hoffman.
Cost-efficacy of endoscopic ultrasonography with fine-needle aspiration vs mediastinotomy in patients with lung cancer and suspected mediastinal adenopathy.
Endoscopy, 31 (1999), pp. 707-711
[21]
R Hawes, F Gress, K Kesler, O Cummings, D Conces.
Endoscopic ultrasound versus computed tomography in the evaluation of the mediastinum in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
Endoscopy, 26 (1994), pp. 784-787
[22]
MJ Wiersema, E Vázquez-Sequeiros, LM Wiersema.
Evaluation of mediastinal lymphadenopathy with endoscopic US-guided fineneedle aspiration biopsy.
[23]
RC Rintoul, KM Skwarski, JT Murchison, WA Wallace, WS Walker, ID Penman.
Endobronchial and endoscopic ultrasound-guided real-time fine-needle aspiration for mediastinal staging.
Eur Respir J, 25 (2005), pp. 416-421
[24]
K Yasufuku, M Chiyo, Y Sekine, PN Chhajed, K Shibuya, T Lizasa, et al.
Real-time endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes.
Chest, 126 (2004), pp. 122-128
[25]
MB Wallace, J Ravenel, MI Block, M Fraig, G Silvestri, S Wildi, et al.
Endoscopic ultrasound in lung cancer patients with a normal mediastinum on computed tomography.
Ann Thorac Surg, 77 (2004), pp. 1763-1768
[26]
D Ciaccia, T Imperiale, J Kim.
Operating characteristics and clinical utility of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided FNA in the preoperative staging of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLCA) in computerized tomographic negative patients: preliminary results.
Gastrointest Endosc, 49 (1999), pp. AB154
[27]
FJF Herth, W Lunn, R Eberhardt, HD Becker, A Ernst.
Transbronchial vs transesophageal ultrasound-guided aspiration of enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 171 (2005), pp. 1164-1167
[28]
BM Devereaux, JK LeBlanc, E Yousif, K Kesler, J Brooks, P Mathur, et al.
Clinical utility of EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration of mediastinal masses in the absence of known pulmonary malignancy.
Gastrointest Endosc, 56 (2002), pp. 397-401
[29]
M Pellisé, A Ginès, M Solé, D Vera, G Fernández-Esparrach, A Castells, et al.
Improving the accuracy of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA): factors predicting a correct diagnosis and usefulness of an attendant pathologist.
Gastrointest Endosc, 59 (2004), pp. AB236
[30]
SM Wildi, RS Hoda, W Fickling, N Schmulewitz, S Varadarajulu, SS Roberts, et al.
Diagnosis of benign cysts of the mediastinum: the role and risks of EUS-FNA.
Gastrointest Endosc, 58 (2003), pp. 362-368

This study was partially funded by a grant from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (03/10066).

Copyright © 2007. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
Archivos de Bronconeumología
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?