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Vol. 47. Issue S8.
III Foro de Neumólogos en Formación
Pages 21-25 (December 2011)
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Vol. 47. Issue S8.
III Foro de Neumólogos en Formación
Pages 21-25 (December 2011)
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Incisiones y vías de abordaje quirúrgicas
Incisions and routes of surgical access
Visits
132321
Sebastián Sevilla Lópeza, Manuel Vaquero Cachob, Patricia Menal Muñozc, Rafael Jiménez Merchánd,
Corresponding author
rmerchan@us.es

Autor para correspondencia.
a Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España
b Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, España
c Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España
d Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España
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Resumen

La correcta elección de la vía de abordaje al tórax es fundamental para obtener el éxito quirúrgico y un postoperatorio favorable. Debe adaptarse tanto a la patología como a la experiencia del cirujano torácico, buscando el equilibrio entre agresividad y seguridad de la técnica. En este artículo se describirán las características de las incisiones quirúrgicas al tórax desde las clásicas toracotomías, esternotomías y sus variantes hasta llegar a la videotoracoscopia y cirugía de mínima invasión. Recordaremos también las diferentes técnicas que se utilizan para abordar las áreas linfáticas del mediastino, incluyendo las más novedosas linfadenectomía mediastínica videoasistida y linfadenectomía mediastínica transcervical extendida.

Palabras clave:
Esternotomía
Mediastinoscopia
Toracoscopia
Toracotomía
Videotoracoscopia
Abstract

The correct choice of the incision to the chest is essential for surgical success and a favorable postoperative course. The route of access to the thorax must be adapted both to the disease and to the thoracic surgeon's experience, striking a balance between aggressiveness and the safety of the technique. This article describes the characteristics of surgical incisions, including classical thoracotomy, sternotomy and its variants, thoracoscopy and minimally-invasive surgery. The distinct techniques used to explore mediastinal lymphatic areas, including video-assisted mediastinal lymphadenectomy and transcervical extended mediastinal lymphadenectomy, are also described.

Keywords:
Sternotomy
Mediastinoscopy
Thoracoscopy
Thoracotomy
Videothoracoscopy
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Copyright © 2011. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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